Ratchet-wrench.



GEORGE B. PICKOP, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

RATGHET-WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 19, 1907.

' Application filed January 9, 1907. $erial No. 351,426.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE B. PIOKOP, a citizen of the United States,residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, Connecticut, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Ratchetrenches, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improved ratchet-operated wrench, usefulwhere it is desirable to turn the socket member continuously in eitherdirection and wherein the handle can only be turned a short distance byreason of lack of room. To accomplish this operation, I provide a socketmember with a series of teeth so placed as to coact with a lug dependingfrom the handle, which latter-is secured to the socket member by asuitable bearing arranged to act as a fulcrum and yet permitting the.handle to be moved so as to engage with any of the notches between theteeth. The socket member may be made in one piece, and in such case isonly appliable to one size of nut; but the nut-engaging part may be madeseparable, so that any one of a series may be interchanged with anotherto adapt this tool to differentsized nuts or drillshanks, taps,screwdrivers, or the like. Often it is'necessary to apply pressure inthe direction of the socket member, as in the case of operating adrillshank or screw-driver, and in such cases the handle-bearing may beprovided with an enlarged head or handle similar to that on a bit-brace.In some cases also I may apply an auger-handle to the tooth-carryingmember. A wrench of this class is especially advantageous inbridge-building, iron and steel construction work, and very useful inconnection with automobiles in removing and replacing spark-plugs andother inaccessible parts, and, in fact, in any place where there is notsufficient clearance for the handle to make a complete revolution.

Another feature of this construction is that all the parts are open andeasily cleaned, so there is no danger of its getting clogged with dirtand becoming inoperative.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, partly insection. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view in side elevation,'partly in sec-.tion, of the handle portion. Fig. 3 is an end view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 isa view in side elevation of the body. Fig. 5 is a plan view of Fig. 4.Fig. 6 is a view in side elevation,

partly in section, of a modification. Fig. 7 is a view in side elevationof another modification.

In the preferred form of my invention, 1 is a body member, provided withrecesses 2, forming abutment shoulders or teeth 3. At the center of thisbody member is a bearing v4, having a head 5.

6 is a handle, one end of which is provided with an aperture 7, adaptedto the bearing 4. The opposite upper and lower sides of the aperture 7are cut away at 8 and 9 in line with the center. of the handle to allowa limited amount of vertical or lifting movement thereof upon thebearing 4. At the under side of the handle, near the aperture 7, dependsa lug 10, adapted to engage in the recesses 2 of the body member 1 whenthe handle is depressed. The recesses 2, as shown, are wider at thebottom than at the surface, and the sides of the lug 1O slant inward inorder to coact with the sloping surfaces of the teeth 3 to afford asuperior grip. The lower portion of the body member 1 is provided with asocket-like opening 11, the side walls of which slant inward to a oint12 and then preferably extend paral el a short distance to the bottom13.

14 is one of a series of different-sized interchangeable socket membersprovidedat its top with a projection 15, adapted to the aperture 11. Theparallel portion of the aperture at 12 affords a clearance between thebottom 13 and the top of the projection 15 to allow for wear. The bottomof the member 14 is'provided with a socket-opening 16 to engage a nut17, such as shown in Fig. 1. It is obvious that by providing a number ofin terchangeable socket members any-sized nut may be engaged thereby,and, furthermore, a drill-shank, tap, or screw-driver (not shown) may beprovided with a body similar to 15 and be secured to the body member 1in the same manner.

- Fig. 6 shows a modification in which the bearing 4 is screw-threadedat 18 to engage in an internally-screW-threaded aperture 19 in the bodymember 1, and the opposite end is provided with a knurled head 20. Ineither form the head may be enlarged, as shown in dotted lines 21, toprovide a handle. In Figs. 6 and 7 the body member and socket member areintegral.

Fig. 7 shows a modified form of handle in which the two arms 22 and 23extend from opposite sides of the center portion 24, surrounding themain bearing. The bottom of 24 opposite the lug is cut away, as shown at25, to allow the rocking motion necessary to remove the lug 10 from therecesses in body 26.

In operation the socket is placed ever the nut or device to be turnedand the lug of the handle engaged in a recess of the body member andthen turned as far as desired. By

rocking the handle on the stud the lug is disengaged, and the handle maybe returned to its original position and the operation repeated. Thesocket remains in engagement with the nut and is continuously rotatedthroughout the operation.

What I claim is 1. In a device of the class specified, the combinationof a body member provided with a socket and a series of peripheralteeth, a bearing-stud thereon, a one-piece handle surrounding saidbearing, the opposite upper and lower sides of said stud-receivingaperture being cut away in a line with the center line of the handle topermit of a lifting movement thereof, and a lug depending from saidhandle adapted to engage the teeth to rotate the body member.

2. In a device of the class specified, the combination of the bodymember, a series of beveled teeth thereon, a stud thereon, an integralhandle and bearing member loosely mounted on said stud, said mountingpermitting a rotating and limited lifting movement of said handle, and aprojection and the handle adapted to engage the teeth to rotate the bodymember.

3. In a device of the class specified, the combination of the bodymember, a handle provided with an integral bearing member rotatablymounted thereon, and having a lifting movement relatively thereto, aclutch member carried by said handle and cooperating clutch memberscarried by said body adapted to coact with the handle-clutch to locksaid parts together for rotation.

4. In a device of the class specified, the combination of the bodymember, a series of beveled teeth thereon, an integral handle andbearing member rotatably mounted thereon, having a limited liftingmovement, a lug on said handle adapted to engage said teeth, and asocket member detachably secured to said body member.

5. In a device of the class specified, the combination of the bodymember, a series of teeth thereon, a stud thereon, an integral handleand bearing member loosely mounted to rotate on said stud, and having alimited angular movement thereto, a lug on said handle adapted at oneend of said moven'lent to engage said teeth, said body member providedat its base with a conical clutch-aperture and the clutch memberprovided with a conical clutch projection secured. in said body member.

GEORGE B. PICKOP. IVitnesses G. ERNEST Roo'r, WM. V. COLLIN.

